Reducing internal

concentration polarization (ICP) and increasing water flux are essential for forward osmosis (FO) efficiency.

Here, we use functionalized porous-single-layer graphene as a FO membrane and

study its permeation properties via molecular dynamics simulations. Our results

indicate that the ICP decreases to zero during FO processes, and that the water

flux of graphene oxide

reaches 91.5 L per cm2 per day, which is about 1.7 × 103 times higher than that of typical cellulose

triacetate FO membranes. Furthermore, no forward or reverse solutes passing

through the membrane are observed when the pore-diameter is smaller than 9.4 ?.

This work may bring potential opportunities for functionalized porous graphene

in water desalination, FO power generation and so forth.