搜索:  
2004总统绿色化学挑战奖 - 植物细胞发酵萃取制造抗癌药物Taxol
链接地址: http://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/pubs/pgcc/winners/gspa04.html
内容简介:
【简介】
Paclitaxel, the active ingredient in the anticancer drug Taxol, was first isolated and identified from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, Taxus brevifolia, in the late 1960s by Wall and Wani under the auspices of the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The utility of paclitaxel to treat ovarian cancer was demonstrated in clinical trials in the 1980s. The continuity of supply was not guaranteed, however, because yew bark contains only about 0.0004% paclitaxel. In addition, isolating paclitaxel required stripping the bark from the yew trees, killing them in the process. Yews take 200 years to mature and are part of a sensitive ecosystem.

The complexity of the paclitaxel molecule makes commercial production by chemical synthesis from simple compounds impractical. Published syntheses involve about 40 steps with an overall yield of approximately 2%.

Bristol-Myers Squibb developed a way to grow cell lines from yew trees in large fermentation tanks using only water, sugars, vitamins and trace elements. During its first five years, the process is expected to eliminate an estimated 32 metric tons of hazardous chemicals and other materials.

 网站纠错:  无法打开 名称错误 有病毒 内容违法 分类错误 其他错误