Minzi Zhai, Sijin Zhao, Hua Guo, Xiangcheng Li, Xuetao Shi, Mukun He, Yali Zhang* and Junwei Gu*. Bionic-structured electromagnetic interference shielding composites. Science Bulletin, 2025, 10.1016/j.scib.2025.04.074. 2023IF=18.8.（1区综合类Top期刊，中国科技期刊卓越行动计划-领军类期刊项目）
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2025.04.074
Abstract
As electromagnetic pollution intensifies and the demand for high-precision electronic equipment increases, the development of high-performance, adaptable electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with high-performance and adaptability has become a research focus. Inspired by natural structures, bionic designs offer unique advantages for the fabrication of advanced EMI shielding materials. These materials provide effective electromagnetic wave attenuation and are lightweight, flexible, and environmentally adaptable, thereby overcoming the limitations of traditional EMI shielding materials. This review systematically summarises the latest advancements in bionic-structured EMI shielding composites. This paper first introduces the design principles of bionic structures and then focuses on typical bioinspired systems, including nacre, honeycomb, leaf vein structures, and other nature-inspired structures. This review further explores common fabrication techniques and the structure–property relationships of materials with such structures, with a particular focus on performance optimisation strategies. Additionally, we examine the conformational relationships and underlying mechanisms governing the performance enhancements of bionic-structured EMI shielding composites. The challenges and future prospects of bionic-structured EMI shielding composites are also analyzed. This review aims to provide theoretical insights into structural innovation and performance enhancement, promoting the application of bionic-structured EMI shielding composites in aerospace, smart wearables, and medical electronics. This paper is expected to pave the way for the development of next-generation electromagnetic protection materials.
随着电磁污染问题的日益突出和电子设备精密化需求的不断提升，开发兼具高效屏蔽性能与多场景适应性的新型电磁屏蔽材料已成为研究热点。受自然界生物启发的仿生结构设计理念在构建高性能电磁屏蔽材料方面展现出独特优势，基于仿生结构的电磁屏蔽材料不仅能够实现电磁波的高效损耗，还能有效集成轻量化、柔性及环境适应性等实用特性，从而突破了传统电磁屏蔽材料的应用瓶颈。该综述系统梳理了仿生结构电磁屏蔽材料的研究进展，从仿生结构设计原理出发，重点剖析仿珍珠层结构、蜂窝结构、叶脉结构和其他仿生结构等典型仿生体系的构建策略，详细论述各类仿生结构电磁屏蔽材料的常用制备方法，并深入探讨了仿生结构电磁屏蔽材料构效关系与性能优化机制，指出了仿生结构电磁屏蔽材料面临的挑战，并展望了其未来的研究方向。该综述旨在为仿生结构电磁屏蔽材料的结构创新与性能提升提供理论指导，推动其在航空航天、智能穿戴、医疗电子等领域的应用，为电磁防护材料领域开拓新的发展方向。
第一作者：翟珉梓
邮件地址：zhaimz@mail.nwpu.edu.cn