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Ziyu Liu, Weihe Wang, Mukun Li, Kunpeng Ruan*. Electro-dimming liquid crystals for thermal management smart windows. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2027, 283: 157-181. 2025IF=16.8.（1区材料科学Top期刊，中国科技期刊卓越行动计划-领军类期刊项目）
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.07.036
Abstract
Thermal management smart windows can dynamically regulate solar radiation transmission and indoor–outdoor heat exchange, offering an effective route to reduce energy consumption in buildings and vehicles. Electro-dimming liquid crystals achieve reversible modulation of light scattering, reflection, and absorption through electric-field-induced molecular reorientation, phase transitions, or ordered structural changes. Active controllability, rapid response, and device-integration compatibility make electro-dimming liquid crystals promising materials for thermal management smart windows. The review summarizes recent progress in electro-dimming liquid crystals, with emphasis on dimming mechanisms, structural regulation strategies, and thermal management applications. Based on material composition and structural characteristics, electro-dimming liquid crystal systems are classified into liquid crystal/polymer composites and polymer-free liquid crystal systems. For liquid crystal/polymer composites, substituent regulation, fluorinated monomer regulation, and copolymer system regulation are discussed in relation to electro-optical performance. Functional fillers, alignment interfaces, and layered structures are further analyzed for near-infrared (NIR) modulation, radiative cooling, and wide-temperature-range stability. For polymer-free liquid crystal systems, polar structures, two-dimensional (2D) ordered structures, helical superstructures, and composite components are reviewed in terms of low-field response, multistability, selective reflection, absorption/scattering regulation, and structural stability. Remaining challenges and future directions are finally outlined.
热管理智能窗能够动态调节太阳辐射透过与室内外热交换，是降低建筑和车辆能耗的重要技术。电致调光液晶材料可在外加电场作用下发生分子取向重排、相态转变或有序结构调节，从而实现对入射光散射、反射和吸收行为的可逆调控，具有主动可控、响应快速和易于系统集成等特点，已成为制备热管理智能窗的重要材料。本文围绕热管理智能窗用电致调光液晶材料，系统梳理了其调光机理、结构调控方法及热管理应用进展。根据材料组成和结构特征，相关体系可分为液晶/聚合物复合体系和无聚合物液晶体系，并从本征结构调控和复合结构调控两个层面进行讨论。对于液晶/聚合物复合体系，重点分析单体组成、相分离行为、液晶微滴、聚合物网络和界面锚定对电光性能的影响，以及功能填料、取向界面和层状复合结构在近红外遮热、辐射制冷和宽温域稳定方面的作用。对于无聚合物液晶体系，围绕本体结构调控和复合结构调控，讨论极化结构、二维有序结构、螺旋超结构及复合组分对低场响应、多稳态保持、选择性反射、吸收/散射调节和结构稳定性的影响。最后，本文总结了电致调光液晶智能窗在低功耗驱动、宽谱热管理、长期稳定性和工程化应用中仍面临的问题，并展望其未来发展方向。
第一作者：刘子育
邮件地址：ziyuliu@mail.nwpu.edu.cn