writer：Kai Gu, Zhenyu Chen, Yuxun Yuan, Ting Yang, Yihan Wang, Lei Zhou, Lingchao Wu, Guilin Feng, Weiqing Yang
keywords：Biomass-derived carbon，Difluorocarbene grafting，Gas-solid reaction，High-power supercapacitors，Electron density redistribution
source：期刊
Issue time：2026年

Biomass-derived activated carbon is a highly promising electrode material for supercapacitors. However, its widespread application is often limited by insufficient power density, stemming from low electrical conductivity and sluggish ionic transport. To address these challenges, we developed a difluorocarbene-grafted strategy that fluorinates surface carbonyl groups on carbon through a gas-solid reaction path. This process effectively induces a redistribution of carbon atomic electron density and concurrently reconfigures the microporous-mesoporous architecture. The resultant synergistic effects significantly enhance both charge transport efficiency and ionic storage capacity. The optimized fluorinated macadamia nut shell-derived activated carbon (F-MNSAC) exhibits a remarkable compaction density of 0.64 g cm-3 , an electrical conductivity of 3.34 S mm-1 , and a substantial pore volume of 1.213 m3 g-1. The supercapacitor based on F-MNSAC delivers a higher specific capacitance (33.63 F g-1 at 1 A g-1) than commercialized YP-50F (～27 F g-1 at 1 A g-1), and outstanding rate capability (86.6% capacity retention at 50 A g-1). Consequently, the device achieves a high energy density of 24.1 Wh kg-1 at a high power density of 61.2 kW kg-1. This work establishes a new paradigm for developing high-performance carbon materials and lays a firm technological foundation for advancing next-generation, high-power supercapacitors