writer：Mengyu Chen , Licheng Liu , Gang Wang , Zhuoyu Liu ， Yingfeng Yu
keywords：differential scanning calorimetry, resins, thermosets
source：期刊
specific source：Journal of Applied Polymer Science
Issue time：2022年
The biomass-based chemicals from renewable resources are countermeasures to ease the problem of fossil fuel shortage. This work is to develop a biobased functional reactive modifier for thermosetting epoxy resins appropriate for excellent overall performance. The novel maleimide-cardanol modifiers (CA-HPM) is synthesized from natural extract cardanol (CA) and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide (HPM), which is then mixed with phenolic epoxy resin and linear phenolic novolac resin systems. CA-HPM plays a versatile role in tuning the comprehensive properties of epoxy such as thermal property, adhesive property, and thermo-mechanical property. Systems with CA-HPM show slightly lower curing activity and distinct decreased single glass transition temperature (Tg). Besides, the crosslinking density of the cured resin increases, meanwhile the thermal stability keeps at high level, which is due to the rigid five-membered ring structure of maleimide. Metal lap shear test results manifest that the adhesion between epoxy resin and metal interface augments. With 10% CA-1HPM, the cured resin exhibits lower equilibrium water sorption (1.88%) and diffusion coefficient (2.94×10⁸ cm²/s ). This biobased functional reactive modifier has provided balanced overall performance and would pave the way to a wide range of possible “eco-friendly” applications.