因此，为了有效地控制活性层形貌并应用于大面积生产，南昌大学/江西师范大学陈义旺教授团队提出了一种图案化弯液面辅助溶液印刷（PMA）策略，该策略通过整合顺序刮涂技术，能够有效拉伸聚合物链并构建规则微图案。该技术通过改善给体/受体（D/A）溶液流动以抑制马兰戈尼效应，从而显著提升大面积薄膜的均匀性。此外，PMA策略通过在印刷过程中增强横向传质，构建了理想的垂直互穿形貌，将激子扩散长度从~45 nm提升至~56 nm。基于D18/BO-4Cl:L8-BO三元体系的最佳器件获得了19.91%（认证效率19.63%）的冠军光电转换效率（PCE），以及18.90%/17.05%（1/16.94 cm2）的效率表现，这是目前通过顺序印刷工艺制备的伪平面异质结有机太阳能电池（PPHJ OSCs）所报道的最高效率之一。更重要的是，采用PMA策略制备的大面积PPHJ OSCs在面积放大过程中表现出极低的效率损失（5.07%/14.36%）。这些结果表明，该协同优化策略通过调控D/A溶液流动，为制备高质量活性层提供了可靠的技术方案，可显著提升大面积PPHJOSCs的性能，从而推动其商业化应用进程。

Figure 1. a) Structural schematics and parameters of normal blade and patterned blade with different micropatterns. b, c) Summary of solution flow direction (from solution state to the final film formation), flow and evaporation rate, and molecular stacking, d, e) simulation of shear force and solution speed, f) AFM images of NBC and G2-PBC PM6 films. g, h) Schematic diagram of PM6 chains arrangement and BO-4Cl molecules stacking of NBC and G2-PBC PM6/BO-4Cl films.

Figure 2. a, b) Time-resolved UV-vis absorption spectra and c, d) peak position evolutions as a function of time, e, f) 2D GIWAXS scattering patterns, g) film-depth-dependent composition profiles, h, i) exciton generation contours, j) dependence of simulated excitons generation rates at each wavelength as a function of film thickness, k, l) depth X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra (F 1s scan) of NBC and G2-PBC PM6/BO-4Cl films.

Figure 3. a, b) TA images, c) 2D TAM images at different delay times, d, e) cross sections through the center of TAM images fitted well with a Gaussian function along the horizontal axis of NBC and G2-PBC PM6/BO-4Cl films. f) Time evolution of the variances of Gaussian profiles, g) PCE and L_D as a function of exciton diffusion coefficient, h) fluorescence lifetime normal distribution charts of different patterned PM6/BO-4Cl films. i, j) Schematic of excitons diffusion and carriers transport paths of NBC and G2-PBC PM6/BO-4Cl systems.

Figure 4. J-V characteristics of a) PM6/BO-4Cl and b) D18/BO-4Cl:L8-BO systems, respectively. c) EQE spectra under simulated AM 1.5 G irradiation (100 mW cm^-2), d) normalized transient photovoltage spectra, e) EQE_EL values, f) summary of energy loss, g) trap density of states spectra, h) MPP tracking in N₂ under 1 sun illumination for sequential blade-coated PPHJ OSCs with different PM6/BO-4Cl films.

Figure 5. a, b) Digital photographs, c, d) OM images, e) thickness distributions and f) UV-vis absorption intensity distributions (PM6 peak) of large-area (5 cm × 5 cm) NBC and G2-PBC PM6/BO-4Cl films. g, h) J-V characteristics (1 cm² and 25 cm² module) of NBC and G2-PBC devices based on D18/BO-4Cl:L8-BO system. i) Statistical diagram of PCE values obtained from the recently reported BHJ and PPHJ devices (via blade-coating) with different active layer area.

  本论文发表于Advanced Materials（国际材料顶刊《先进材料》，IF=27.4）上，题为“Controlled solution flow via patterned meniscus assist for elongated exciton diffusion length to approaching 20% efficiency in pseudo-planar heterojunction organic solar cells”。本文通讯作者为南昌大学陈义旺/谈利承教授、江西师范大学副教授张立福以及湖南师范大学特聘教授翟亚新，第一作者为南昌大学博士研究生毛厚东。

  全文链接：https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adma.202505266